Saturday, October 20, 2007

Take...Eleven?

As I mentioned in my earlier post, Take Five was one of the most unique and recognized songs in the jazz repertoire, mainly because of it’s awkward 5/4 time signature. You may or may not realize it, but Take Five isn’t the only well-known song with an time outside of the well known “common time”, or 4/4 time. As an echo to my previous post, this post desensitizes the idea of an uncommon time signature in our popular music realm, rather than focusing on one single song.
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A quick briefing on time signatures! A time signature is a notation that helps a musician to read music by specifying how many beats go into a measure (the top number) and the value of a note (the bottom number) as a fraction. More often than not, a song will be in common time, where 4 beats are in a measure. However, on the rare occasion that this isn’t the case, as long as the composer is talented enough, an amazing song is produced with one of the strangest, yet genius, grooves possible.

In 1959, Paul Desmond and the Dave Brubeck Quartet released “Take Five” along with an introduction to the uncommon time signature. Before then, the United States had hardly even touched on the idea of straying from 4/4 time. All of this was the focus of my last post. What I left out was that the Dave Brubeck Quartet later released a song titled “Blue Rondo à la Turk”. Blue Rondo wasn’t created in 5/4 time, like “Take Five” was. It was created in 9/4. This means that each measure would be counted 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9! Counting in groups of nine isn’t something that the subconscious mind can easily do, especially when it’s focusing on playing and improvising, as all jazz musicians are required to do. Just because it’s interesting: They actually count 9/4 as 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, rather than 1 – 9. This allows them to be able to count subconsciously and worry about the music they are playing, rather than where the actual beat is. Oh, and to make the song even more difficult, they decided that once into the song, they’d alternate between 9/4 and 4/4 time. It almost sounds impossible, but it actually comes together in an incredible display of music.

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Most likely inspired by the Dave Brubeck Quartet, from 1959 and on, songs utilizing awkward time signatures started sprouting up all over the place. They’ve even found their way into songs that we hear on a daily basis, but most don’t realize what it is that makes them so unusual. The most popular of all of these songs is the theme from “Mission: Impossible”. I’m assuming everybody has heard this song. Duh duh, DUH DUH, etc. The “Mission: Impossible” theme is in 5/4 time, yet this doesn’t prevent the song from creating an amazing groove beat that’s been known by the majority of the nation since its existence.

Pink Floyd’s most popular tune, “Money”, is also one of the most popular songs with an uncommon time signature. “Money” is in a very unusual 7/8 time, which can be awkward, seeing how it’s only one beat short of being 8/8 (which really is 4/4). However, if you just listen to the song how it was meant to be listened to, without worrying about what time signature it’s in and how to count it, the song makes perfect sense. It grooves hard, it sounds amazing, and the members of Pink Floyd all play their part to make it a memorable song.



Fans of Radiohead, Tool, Yes, and The Mars Volta (my all-time favorite band) might also recognize different time signatures. All three of these bands love to mix and match both new and old time signatures to create some of the most genius work I have ever heard in my life. This is blatant opinion, but I’m not alone on this one. I’ll definitely be talking about The Mars Volta later on, but for now I’d like you to listen to a sample of one of their songs. Warning: This song is not for the weak, it's insane. “Cygnus…Vismund Cygnus” contains 4/4, 4/8, 5/8, 6/8, 10/4,9/16, 6/8, 2/4, and 23/8 time signatures. That is absolutely incredible for one song. I don’ expect anyone to be able to identify any of these times in the song, but I’d like to demonstrate what a band can do with all these time signatures that I’ve been talking about.

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Other well-known songs with uncommon times are “YYZ” and “Freewill” by Rush, “The Sound of Muzak” by Porcupine Tree, and “The Ocean” by Led Zeppelin. Next time you’re listening to a song, try counting with the beat and see if it would make sense to count in 4. If not, perhaps you’ve found one of these incredible songs!

2 comments:

Anonymous said...

You said that Dave Brubeck released another song in 9/4, but I heard somewhere he released an entire record where every song was in a new signature (some 8 or 9 songs in all). If that's true, then I really think your valid in saying that Brubeck pioneered the exploration outside of 4/4.

The one thing I wondered as I read your post was whether or not you included 3/4 when you mention "uncommon signatures." If so, then hasn't that been used for almost as long as the 4/4? I don't claim to know a lot about music theory, but I always thought waltzes were usually 3/4, and I know they've been around for a while. Just wondering, but I'd love to know the story behind 3/4.

Cucku said...

Sometime I need to write about the blog's namesake... it's in 3/4. Or at least, sort of in 3/4. Soulflex is composed of multiple elements, and they fall into different time signatures in a bizarre yet very cool way. The weirdest part about it is, it's by 808 State. They made house music, which pretty much has a 4/4 beat by definition. It's such a departure from the norm in the genre that it's kinda mind-blowing.